PART THREE EXTRA CREDIT BLOG VITILIGO FIRST AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

PART THREE EXTRA CREDIT BLOG VITILIGO FIRST AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

 

To provide an overall perspective on how the racial subgroups of man (Caucasian, Asiatic) evolved from the original Black Negroid African man accepting an monogenetic origin of the human race that modern human evolved in Africa at or very near the equator. This perspective known as the Out of Africa Hypothesis studying the meticulous analysis of nuclear DNA Polymorphism Mitochondrial DNA heritance on the female side. In addition, the Y chromosome studies studying  mutations in the Y chromsome that concluded that modern human evolved in Black Negroid African at the equator and moved “Out Of Africa”(see Glogiers Law)

 

Additionally, providing a subsequent time frame for how the racial subgrouping of man from the original  Black African Negroid man (Negroid) occured.  To develop such a scheme we look to master African scholar  and intellecutal Dr. C.A. Diop, Ph.D. who in his award winning human anthropology “Civilization or Barbarism” explored and thoroughly explained how the racial subgrouping of man evolved from the original  BlackAfrican man (Negroid) see Glogers Law, and and Dr. Charles Finch MD in his revolutionary article entitiled Evolution of the Causoid from the African Journal of Civilization: African Presence in Early Europe, Dr. Diop  and Dr. Finch concluded:

Racial Subgrouping of Man from African Man

 

“(1)    Homo sapiens sapiens, modern man, was Black Afrocoi or Negroid. (Please see Glogier’s Law, Diop, p. 167) developed at Lake Omo and Karjera in southern and eastern Africa at the equator 150,000 (200,000) years ago.

(2)     Invasion of Asia and Europe by Grimaldin Negroid (The Small diminutive blacks spoke of as probably the first of modern humans) (also please see David McRitchie) having come to Africa 65,000 years ago into Asia and 33,000 years ago into Europe.  (Subsequent research has placed African man in Asia at earlier dates 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.  Though not extremely relevant to our racial subgrouping scheme. (Science News, p. 181)

(3)     The first Cro-Magnon man (white man) develops in Ice Age Europe approximately 20,000 to 10,000 years ago.  Most scientists concur that the first Caucasians evolved from African man 10 ,000 to 12,000 years ago, during the last Glaciation period termed Wurmian II Stadial (Finch pp. 17-37 & 288-312, Diop pp. 147-207, & Jurman et al.).  Thus, Cro-Magnon man (white man) develops in Ice Age Europe from African man probably 20,000 to 10,000 years ago (best estimate 10,00 to 12,000 years ago), during the last Glaciation period termed Wormian II Stadial (Finch, pp. 17-37, 288-312,; Diop, pp. 147-207, & Jurman, et al.).  Thus, Cro-Magnon man (white man) develops in Ice Age Europe from African man in probably 20,000 to 30,000 years of genetic isolation.  The result of extreme climatological conditions, adaptational needs (to a radically different environment) reslting selective pressures and genetic mutation.  The exact manners to turn a charcoal Black African (Negroid) white probably: (1) vitamin D deficiency, (2) a form of albinism, and or (3) a depigmentation disease or disorder. (Finch pp. 17-37, 288-312); Diop, p. 167).  (Vitiligo is a depigmentation order which could have been the mechanism to turn a charcoal Black African man into a Caucasian in a radically different environment than Africa (ice age Europe) (Cro-Magnon man).  The disorder Vitiligo is affected by sunlight.  That is, expose to the sun triggers the condition, after 20,000 to 30,000 years away from the sun (little sunlight) European Black African man forced to live underground caves in the last glaciation period (ice age) the Wurmian II Stadial.  Black African man’s (Griminaldi Negroid) melanin system probably became dormant.  ( Finch states, in the winter time in northern climates Black and other heavily pigmentated individuals spend more time in the house, away from the sun and they become lighter in complexion.)  However, at the end of the ice age upon a return to content sunlight, Black African man body’s melanin system again is triggered to respond and block off the harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.  The body, the melanin system having been dormant for 20,000 to 30,000 thousand years, (little sunlight the sunblocked off by tons of snow and ice and darkness from living in in underground caves) views the melanin system as a foreign invader and begins to attack the melanin system.  This causes a dropping of pigmentation (shield) and the affected individual first White man Cro-Magnon man skin peels off and they (affected individuals) turn completely White or through inbreeding albinism turns completely White. According to Finch (2002) mutations particularly when they are adaptive, are usually reductionist that is they reduce and or remove an original characteristic. So it is with albinism. There are additional subtleties. Three distinct classes of albinos exist of which we only needd to consider two: the first, termed tyrosinase-positive(tyr +) retains the tyrosinase enzyme: the second termed tyrosinase-negative (tyr-) lacks the tyrosinase enzyme. The tyr+ and tyr- types are both determined by autosomally recessive genes which are carried on two two separate gene loci. Practically, this means that to produce an albino child, both parents must carry the same calss of albino gene, thoug they themsevles do not have to be albinos. If one parent carries the tyr+ gene and the other the tyr- gene they will not produce albino children. Because the albino genes of either class are recessive, a high prevaleance of albinism will only be found in populations with long-standing in-breeding (p.20).  Accordingly,  because small groups of  Black Negroid African  men were trapped in Europe in the last ice age forced to live in underground caves in genetic isolation for most probably 20,000 to 30,000 years.

That is, the first White man Cro-Magnon man could absorb the  little sunlight available needed for mineralization of the bones and a peeling of the skin vitiligo or albinism through inbreeding would have been a selective environmental advantage in the extreme ice age environment of Europe.( Diop pp. 15-156, Finch p. 20-37 especially page 20 on Vitamin D induced change in skin color & 288-312, Jurman)

(4)Arrival of the first Mongoloid or Asiatic Homo sapiens sapiens in Asia approximately 6,000 years ago.  The formation of the Mongoloid or Asiatic branch of Homo sapiens emerged between the fifth and fourth and millennia.  It concerns an actual cross-breeding between (non-Mongoloid) Cro-Magnon man who evolved from Grimaldian Negroid in extreme climatological conditions, in the last Ice Age, Wurmian II Stadial and the African (Negroid) of the cold and frigid Asian steppes, on the threshold of the historical era.  Thus, the recent brachyephalic races Eskimo, Japan Chinese, Korean, etc.) which appeared in the Neolithic period are yellow skinned and developed approximately 6,000 years ago (Diop, pp. 21-211; Finch, p. 20-37 & 288-312).

References:

A New Gene Linked to Vitiligo and Susceptibility to Autoimmune Disorders – Journal Watch Dermatology”. http://dermatology.jwatch.org/cgi/content/full/2007/330/1. Retrieved 2010-09-10.

Baker, R. (2002) Sperm Wars: The Science of Sperm. New York (NY). Basic Book Inc. Dr. Baker’s research determined that males from over the long evolutionary course from hot and humidity tropical and sub tropical regions, such as African, African-American, Asian males etc, defeat White males from cold or ice age regions in Human sperm competition 99.999999% of the time.

Bowen, B. (1999) DNA Data Yields New Human Origins Views. New York: Science News, (pp. 181&181/12).

Clan, L.(2002) Mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) Testing And Y Chromosome Testing New York, http://www.clanlindsay.com.

Diop, C.A., (2000) African cradle of humanity. Journal of African Civilizations, Nile Valley Civilizations. New Brunswick (NJ): Transaction Books. (Please see Diop’s Two Cradle Theory)

Diop, C. A. (1980) Civilizations or Barbarism. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill.

DNA Researches Trace All Humans to Single Woman in Ancient Africa. New York: New York Times, March 30, 1986.

Finch, C. S. (MD).(2002) “Race and Evolution in Pre-History.” African Presence in Early Europe. Van Sertima Ed. New Brunswick, (NJ) & Oxford. Transaction Books, 2001, pp. 288-312. Dr. Finch MD documents a high level of the abnormal HGS Hemoglobin in the blood of isolated Mayan Tribes, in the Jungles of Mexico. The HGS abnormal hemoglobin is only present in the blood of African people and people of African descendant. Not surprisingly, later researchers Ann Gibbons and a group of other scientist including Stanford University’s’ Peter Underhill have located the African Y Chromosome in the genes of isolated Mexican jungle people. This collaborates, Dr Finch’s’ (see Finch, 17-37 & 288-312) HGS abnormal hemoglobin evidence in isolated jungle Mayan tribes, that establishes a pre-Columbian African presence in America, when combined with all the other evidence. (Please McRitchie, (1992), Modern and ancient Britons).

Finch, C. S. (2002) The evolution of the Caucasoid. African Presence In Early Europe, Journal of African Civilization. Van Sertima, Ivan Ed. New Brunswick, (NJ) Transaction Press. pp 17-37.Dr. Finch MD provides extensive evidence that in genetic isolation of the last ice age (20,000 to 30,000 years). Wurm II Interstadial, Caucasian man developed from Griminaldi Negroid through genetic mutation, probable mechanism vitamin D deficiency, Vitiligo and or forms of albinism. (Also please see pp. 17-37, 288-312, by Finch).

Gibbons, A. (1997) Y Chromosomes Shows that Adam Was African“. New York: New York Science. The Y Chromosome, in the nuclear DNA of every living male homo sapiens resembles that of his father, his paternal grandfather etc. and is carrier by male cousins of any degree that share the male ancestor. It creates a clear marker, known as haplotype, which distinguishes one male-to-male lineage from another. Gibbons work proves that the African Negroid is the father of all modern man. (All living humans).

Hernan, M. A., Ascherio, A., & Alonso, A. (2008) Allergy, family history of autoimmune diseases, and the risk of multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica (0001-6314) Vol.117, Iss.1; p.15-20.

Hopkin, K. (1998) Are Autoimmune Diseases Colorblind? Scientific American Presents (1524-0223), p.47-47.

Ingman, M., Kaessmann, S., Paaba, S. & Gyllenster, L.(2000) Mitochondrial Genome Variation And Origins Of Modern Humans ,London (England) Nature 408,708- 713.

Jin, L.(2001), Boost For Out Of Africa Theory London BBC News, http/news:bbc.couk./1hi/scitech 1323485.stm, May 10, 2001 (pp.1-2)

Jurmain, Robert, Essentials of Physical Anthropolgy 9th ed, Belmont (CA) Wadsworth. 2009.

Kawai T & Akira S. (2006), Innate immune recognition of viral infection. Nature Immunology 7(2): 131–137.

Kightlinger, D.(2000) “Study Boosts ‘Out Of Africa’ Theory”, New York, http://www.trinicenter.com/WorldNews/outofafrica.htm.

Kuhn, A.B. (1947) Who Is This King of Glory. Chicago (ILL). Academic Press Inc.

McRitchie, D. (1992), Modern and ancient Britons. Baltimore, (MD) Black Classic Press Inc., (1887). David McRitchie of Edinburgh University (Scotland provides us additional collaborating evidence, stating Small Diminutive Blacks, Australoids and Asiatic Negroids were the first inhabitants of Europe and the British Isles in prehistoric times. The presence of Small Diminutive Blacks, Australoids and Asiatic Negroids in Europe and the British Isles as the First inhabitants, supports the central thesis that these early Blacks (Negroids) were the first modern humans who roamed over the entire world. In addition, their presence in Europe and the British Isles adds validity to our thesis (of course, supported by a myriad of other evidence) that the Small Diminutive Blacks, Australoids and Asiatic Negroids were the first modern humans. In addition, in “Modern and Ancient Britons”, McRitchie provides us evidence of the long and short-term racial admixture of Australoids (Small Diminutive Blacks and Asiatic Negroids) with current English settlers in prehistoric times. And when Great Britain began sending prisoners to Australia in the late 17th century, again racial admixture between Australoids descendants, the Australian Aborigine and English settlers of Australia occurred. The resultant biological markers (DNA testing), because phenotypically no physical evidence of racial mixture is present unless fully understand, provides false evidence of genetic affinities (close genetic ties) between (Australoids) charcoal Black Australian Aborigines and Caucasians, it is falsely claimed that (Australoids) Australian Aborigines are racially Caucasian. However, this does not make charcoal Black Australoids (Australian Aborigines) Caucasians as scientists falsely claim, it indicates racial mixture between the two groups has occurred and at the level of the genes, clear biological makers are present when there is no phenotypical evidence of racial mixture. (Please see the racial sub grouping of man from African man and the discussion on this matter (Finch, pp. 17-37, 288-312.)

Oppenheimer, S.(2002) New Out Of Africa Theory Unveiled London, England, wysiwyg./83/http://osc.discovery.com/news/briefs/20022025/eve.html,(pp.1-4).

Rashidi, R. (2006). A Review and Update of the Gladwin Thesis. Journal of African Civilization. African Presence in Early America. New Brunswick (NJ), Transaction Books Inc.

Rau, L. M., & Walsh, S. J. (2000) Autoimmune Diseases: A Leading Cause of Death among Young and Middle-Aged Women in the United States. American Journal of Public Health (0090-0036) Vol.90, Iss.9; p.1463-1466.

Rodgers, J.A. (1947). Sex and Race: Negro-Caucasian Mixing in All Ages and All Lands . New York (NY). Published by the Author. Helga Rodgers.

Templeton, A. R. (2002), Out Of Africa again and again, Nature 416, 45-51.

Underhill, P.(2002)DNA evidence (Y chromosome) backs up “Out Of Africa’ human origin theory, http://www.trussel.com/prehist/news255.htm-5k

Wainscoat, J., et al. (1987) Evolutionary Relationship of Human Populations from an Analysis of Nuclear NDA Polymorphisms, London (England), Nature.

Wainscoat, J. et al. (1987) Out of Africa Garden of Eden, London (England) Nature, p. 13.

Wells, T. (2001) Boost For Out Of Africa Theory London BBC.news http//new: bbc-uk1/hi/scitech1323485stm. (Pp.1-4)

White, T.(2002) New Out Of Africa Theory Unveiled , London, England, ysiwyg./89/hhtp://DSC.discovery.com/new/briefs/20022025/eve.html/.

Whitfield,J.(2002) Man Left Africa Three Times, Nature, http://www.nature.com/nsu/02034/020304-7.html.

Wilson, A.C., Cann, R.L. (1992) The Recent African Genesis Of Humans New York (NY) Scientific American Vol 266.

PART TWO EXTRA CREDIT BLOG VITILIGO FIRST AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

PART TWO EXTRA CREDIT BLOG VITILIGO FIRST AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

To, fully understand the evolutionary basis of autoimmune diseases, which I postulate, vitiligo was the first autoimmune disease it is essential to comprehend the how life on earth evolved through evolution. The classical Black Ancient Egyptian Theory of Evolution or The Original “Christ”: Concept:  which has universal application was the first theory of evolution that has been fully verified by modern science. The Ancient Egyptian Theory of Evolution postulates, “That life on earth began over four (4) billion years ago when the earth was still covered in water at the equator, where the earth and sun were and are at their most consistent points and interactions. Elements of water H2o, and carbon (carbon when reproduced is, never, exactly, the same and this in part accounts for the diversity of life forms on earth)  nourished by the consistence of the sun or sunlight. Simple cells developed on the surface of the water (or the “Christ” walked on the water), multiplied, and divided through intense cell competition and cell division, cell expansion, over a four-(4) billion year period resulted in life on earth in all of its diverse forms.

Alternatively, as the waters that covered the entire earth receded; the “Christ” or life force in all living things spread over or across the entire earth. Then through evolution, the result of a “creative design” based on the specific environments, environmental adaptation that all living organisms must adapt to their specific environments. Selective pressures that specific environments require certain physical and mental traits and characteristics for species success in that specific environment, and resulting natural selection. The most fit for a specific environment will predominate and produce the most offspring in that environment, over a four-(4) billion year evolutionary course, resulted in life on earth in all of its diverse forms(Kuhn).

Modern science has verified classical Black Ancient Egyptian Theory of Evolution or The Original “Christ”: Concept beginning approximately 1986, various groups of scientists, working completely independent of each other have yielded the most interesting genetic research. The most relevant of the studies to our research paper, conducted at Oxford University (Cambridge, England) a meticulous analysis of nuclear DNA Polymorphism.

“MtDna testing evaluates (detects) changes in heredity over long periods of time. The Mitochondrial test looks at the DNA signature of mitochondria, special part of nearly all human cells, which is passes on female to child and inherited down the female line. It is generally used to study long-term population developments such as muigrations. Moreover, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) testing reveals details about the distant origins of the maternal ancestors and can be used to link individuals via the female line.” (Clan, Lindsay)

This expert scientific body provided the following summary of its labor entitled “The Out of Africa Hypothesis.”

The earliest fossils of anatomically modern man (Homo sapiens) have been found in Africa at Lake Omo in Ethiopia, Border Cave in South Africa and at Klaser river mouth in South Africa at or very near to the equator. The data from the lost site suggests that Homo sapiens was present in South Africa more than 100,000 years ago (recent research, has pushed that date back to 200,000 years ago). (New Science P. 181½). Hence is has been argued that the evolution of modern man took place in Africa. Our data are consistent with such a scheme in which a founder population (of Black Africans) migrated from Africa and subsequently give rise to all non-African populations (Nature p. 493). The first founder populations of Black African Negroids were comprised of Diminutive Blacks; who were in all probability the first group of modern humans (Homo sapiens) that left Africa venturing into Asia Europe, the Americas’ etc.

Moreover, approximately one year later, scientist Jim Wainscoat of Oxford University, the most vocal and active of the above group of Oxford University scientist scholars, engaged in the above study. Proved further shocking evidence that supports our central thesis, from the theoretical approach known as the Out of Africa Hypothesis, Wainscoat elaborated:”It seems likely that modern man emerged in Africa and… that subsequently a founder population left Africa spreading throughout Europe, Asia and the Americas…” (Nature, p. 16).

Surprisingly, additional independent and completely separate DNA polymorphism Out of Africa Hypothesis studies at the University of California Berkeley (Dr. Alan Wilson, Ph.D.), found that:

“Based upon the calculations of the slow changes that have occurred in human DNA over the millennium, which indicated that everyone alive today may be a descendant of a single female ancestor who lived 140,000 to 200,000 years ago in Africa” (New York Times).

While a study at the University of Hawaii conducted by scientist Dr. Rebecca Cann, Ph.D. conducted completely independent of all the other studies concluded that:

“Modern man (Homo sapiens originated in Africa approximately 150,000 to 200,000 years ago and founder populations of Africans left Africa and gave rise to all non-African populations, utilizing nuclear DNA polymorphism tracing migratory patterns of human populations over long periods of time on the maternal line.” (New York Times)

Moreover, more recent studies, 1988-2010, have substantiated and expanded on the original 1986-1987 Out of Africa Hypothesis findings. The current theoretical approaches utilizing the analysis of nuclear DNA polymorphism etc. postulate:

“Founder populations of Africans left Africa venturing into Asia 200,000 years ago and through intermixture with African man 200,000 to 10,000 years ago populated the world, moving into Europe, America, the Pacific islands, Australia, etc.” (Bowen, Science News, 1999, p. 181& 181/12)

Another more recent study published, December 7, 2000 in which “researchers led by Ulf Gyllensten of the University of Uppsala in Sweden have found evidence that we are all descended from a single ancestral group that lived in Africa in About 170,000 years ago. And they suggest that modern humans spread across the globe from Africa in an exodus that took place only around 50,000 years ago.(Ulf Gyllensten, Nature, 408, 708 713 (2000)

“Another more recent study published, May, 10, 2001 were scientist Jin Li and Spencer R. Wells of Oxford University utilizing DNA polymorphism (mtDNA) mitochondria DNA testing conducted at Oxford university (England) confirmed earlier studies that modern man evolved in Africa 200,000 years old and migrated out of Africa giving rise to all non African population.”     ( Li, & Wells, p.1-2 )

Another more recent study published, May 2001 in which “a team of Chinese and American geneticist obtained blood samples from more than 12,000 men from across east Asia and examined characteristic DNA sequences called “markers” on the Y-chromosome (the male chromosome). The Y-chromosome is considered one of the most powerful molecular tools fro tracing human evolutionary history because it remains unchanged over eons when passed from father to son. Researchers found every one of the men could trace his ancestry to forefathers, who lived in Africa over the past 35,000 to 89,000 years. They also found absolutely no genetic evidence that the modern people (Homo sapiens) mated with archaic humans (Homo erectus) that already lived in Asia, having migrated from Africa about one million years ago.” (Li & Underhill, p., 1-3)

“While recently scientist Stephen Oppenheimer and Tim White recently (July 2002) unveiled an new “Out Of Africa Theory”, again utilizing the science of polymorphism nuclear (mtDNA) mitochondria DNA verifying that modern man (all humans on the earth) evolved in Africa 150,000 to 200,000 years ago and populated the world moving out of Africa.” (Oppenheimer & White, pp.1-4)

A new study by a team led by Sohini Ramachandran, an evolutionary biology doctoral candidate at Stanford University, published(October 19, 2005) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences supports the out of Africa hypothesis. The team says their research kept pointing back to a single place of human origin—Africa.”When we searched over 4,000 points around the world, we found that no point outside of Africa had as high a fit as any point inside of Africa,” Rosenberg said. “So this seems to support an ‘Out of Africa’ historical model for human evolution.”Genetic diversity is highest, and thus oldest, in Africa. This fact has led many geneticists to point to the continent as the birthplace of humankind. The team says their research kept pointing back to a single place of human origin—Africa. This research is much more detailed than the earlier work of people like Alan Wilson and Rebecca Cann or Luigi Luca Cavalli- but Sforza comes to about the same conclusion. It also seems to come to a more firm conclusion.

Hua Liu, et al.(2006)  found that currently available genetic and archaeological evidence is generally interpreted as supportive of a recent single origin of modern humans in East Africa. However, this is where the near consensus on human settlement history ends, and considerable uncertainty clouds any more detailed aspect of human colonization history.

Marcus Feldman, an evolutionary biologist at Stanford University in California and a study co-author (February 21, 2008). Determined, from a massive new study of human genetic diversity reveals surprising insights into our species’ evolution and migrations—including support for the theory that the first modern humans originated in Africa. Researchers compared 650,000 genetic markers in nearly a thousand individuals from 51 populations around the globe—an unprecedented level of detail for a human genetic study. “You get less and less variation the further you go from Africa. Such a pattern fits the theory that the first modern humans settled the world in stepping-stone fashion after leaving Africa less than 100,000 years ago. As each small group of people broke away to found a new region, it took only a sample of the parent population’s genetic diversity.

Additionally, according to Diop (1980) Glogers’ Law also verified that the first modern human all people on the earth were Black, very, very dark by necessity because they evolved at the equator exposed to contrast violent radiation. Glogers’ Law states, “All warm-blooded mammals that evolved in hot and humid environments at the equator must be heavily pigmented or BLACK very, very dark secreting a dark pigment called eumelanin (melanin). Because Black skin provides considerable protection against the intensity of the sun and extreme ultra violet radiation omitted from the sun at the equator or the equatorial belt.” In next week’s extra, credit blog I will provide in-depth and exacting details how Asian and White man, etc evolved or developed from the original Black African Negroid man leading to the first autoimmune disease Vitiligo and most probably all autoimmune disorders.

References:

A New Gene Linked to Vitiligo and Susceptibility to Autoimmune Disorders – Journal Watch                   Dermatology”. http://dermatology.jwatch.org/cgi/content/full/2007/330/1. Retrieved 2010-09-10.

Baker, R. (2002) Sperm Wars: The Science of Sperm. New York (NY). Basic Book Inc.

Bowen, B. (1999) DNA Data Yields New Human Origins Views. New York: Science News, (pp. 181&181/12).

Clan, L.(2002) Mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) Testing And Y Chromosome Testing New York, www.clanlindsay.com.

Diop, C.A., (2000) African cradle of humanity. Journal of African Civilizations, Nile Valley Civilizations. New Brunswick (NJ): Transaction Books. (Please see Diop’s Two Cradle Theory)

Diop, C. A. (1980) Civilizations or Barbarism. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill.

DNA Researches Trace All Humans to Single Woman in Ancient Africa. New York: New York Times, March 30, 1986.

Finch, C. S. (MD).(2002) “Race and Evolution in Pre-History.” African Presence in Early Europe. Van Sertima Ed. New Brunswick, (NJ) & Oxford. Transaction Books, 2001, pp. 288-312. Dr. Finch MD documents a high level of the abnormal HGS Hemoglobin in the blood of isolated Mayan Tribes, in the Jungles of Mexico. The HGS abnormal hemoglobin is only present in the blood of African people and people of African descendant. Not surprisingly, later researchers Ann Gibbons and a group of other scientist including Stanford University’s’ Peter Underhill have located the African Y Chromosome in the genes of isolated Mexican jungle people. This collaborates, Dr Finch’s’ (see Finch, 17-37 & 288-312) HGS abnormal hemoglobin evidence in isolated jungle Mayan tribes, that establishes a pre-Columbian African presence in America, when combined with all the other evidence. (Please McRitchie, (1992), Modern and ancient Britons).

Finch, C. S. (2002) The evolution of the Caucasoid. African Presence In Early Europe, Journal of African Civilization. Van Sertima, Ivan Ed. New Brunswick, (NJ) Transaction Press. pp 17-37.

Gibbons, A. (1997) Y Chromosomes Shows that Adam Was African“. New York: New York Science. The Y Chromosome, in the nuclear DNA of every living male homo sapiens resembles that of his father, his paternal grandfather etc. and is carrier by male cousins of any degree that share the male ancestor. It creates a clear marker, known as haplotype, which distinguishes one male-to-male lineage from another. Gibbons work proves that the African Negroid is the father of all modern man. (All living humans).

Hernan, M. A., Ascherio, A., & Alonso, A. (2008) Allergy, family history of autoimmune diseases, and the risk of multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica (0001-6314) Vol.117, Iss.1; p.15-20.

Hopkin, K. (1998) Are Autoimmune Diseases Colorblind? Scientific American Presents (1524-0223), p.47-47.

Ingman, M., Kaessmann, S., Paaba, S. & Gyllenster, L.(2000)  Mitochondrial Genome Variation And Origins Of Modern Humans ,London (England) Nature 408,708- 713.

Jin, L.(2001), Boost For Out Of Africa Theory  London BBC News, http/news:bbc.couk./1hi/scitech 1323485.stm, May 10, 2001 (pp.1-2)

Jurmain, Robert, Essentials of Physical Anthropolgy 9^th ed, Belmont (CA) Wadsworth. 2009.

Kawai T & Akira S. (2006), Innate immune recognition of viral infection. Nature Immunology 7(2): 131–137.

Kightlinger, D.(2000) “Study Boosts ‘Out Of Africa’ Theory”, New York, www.trinicenter.com/WorldNews/outofafrica.htm.

Kuhn, A.B. (1947) Who Is This King of Glory. Chicago (ILL). Academic Press Inc.

McRitchie, D. (1992), Modern and ancient Britons. Baltimore, (MD) Black Classic Press Inc., (1887). David McRitchie of Edinburgh University (Scotland provides us additional collaborating evidence, stating Small Diminutive Blacks, Australoids and Asiatic Negroids were the first inhabitants of Europe and the British Isles in prehistoric times. The presence of Small Diminutive Blacks, Australoids and Asiatic Negroids in Europe and the British Isles as the First inhabitants, supports the central thesis that these early Blacks (Negroids) were the first modern humans who roamed over the entire world. In addition, their presence in Europe and the British Isles adds validity to our thesis (of course, supported by a myriad of other evidence) that the Small Diminutive Blacks, Australoids and Asiatic Negroids were the first modern humans. In addition, in “Modern and Ancient Britons”, McRitchie provides us evidence of the long and short-term racial admixture of Australoids (Small Diminutive Blacks and Asiatic Negroids) with current English settlers in prehistoric times. And when Great Britain began sending prisoners to Australia in the late 17th century, again racial admixture between Australoids descendants, the Australian Aborigine and English settlers of Australia occurred.  The resultant biological markers (DNA testing), because phenotypically no physical evidence of racial mixture is present unless fully understand, provides false evidence of genetic affinities (close genetic ties) between (Australoids)  charcoal Black Australian Aborigines and Caucasians, it is falsely claimed that (Australoids) Australian Aborigines are racially Caucasian.  However, this does not make charcoal Black Australoids (Australian Aborigines) Caucasians as scientists falsely claim, it indicates racial mixture between the two groups has occurred and at the level of the genes, clear biological makers are present when there is no phenotypical evidence of racial mixture. (Please see the racial sub grouping of man from African man and the discussion on this matter (Finch, pp. 17-37, 288-312.)

Oppenheimer, S.(2002) New Out Of Africa Theory Unveiled  London, England, wysiwyg./83/http://osc.discovery.com/news/briefs/20022025/eve.html,(pp.1-4).

Rashidi, R. (2006). A Review and Update of the Gladwin Thesis. Journal of African Civilization. African Presence in Early America. New Brunswick (NJ), Transaction Books Inc.

Rau, L. M., & Walsh, S. J. (2000) Autoimmune Diseases: A Leading Cause of Death among Young and Middle-Aged Women in the United States. American Journal of Public Health (0090-0036) Vol.90, Iss.9; p.1463-1466.

Rodgers, J.A. (1947). Sex and Race: Negro-Caucasian Mixing in All Ages and All Lands . New York (NY). Published by the Author. Helga Rodgers.

Templeton, A. R. (2002), Out Of Africa again and again, Nature 416, 45-51.

Underhill, P.(2002)DNA evidence (Y chromosome) backs up “Out Of Africa’ human origin theory, http://www.trussel.com/prehist/news255.htm-5k

Wainscoat, J., et al. (1987) Evolutionary Relationship of Human Populations from an Analysis of Nuclear NDA Polymorphisms, London (England), Nature.

Wainscoat, J. et al. (1987) Out of Africa Garden of Eden, London (England) Nature, p. 13.

Wells, T. (2001) Boost For Out Of Africa Theory London BBC.news http//new: bbc-uk1/hi/scitech1323485stm. (Pp.1-4)

.

White, T.(2002)  New Out Of Africa Theory Unveiled , London, England, ysiwyg./89/hhtp://DSC.discovery.com/new/briefs/20022025/eve.html/.

Whitfield,J.(2002) Man Left Africa Three Times, Nature, http://www.nature.com/nsu/02034/020304-7.html.

Wilson, A.C., Cann, R.L. (1992) The Recent African Genesis Of Humans New York (NY) Scientific American Vol 266.

EVOLUTIONARY BASIS OF AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS PART ONE

PART ONE EXTRA CREDIT BLOG VITILIGO FIRST AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

I will present how I propose from the perspective of  human evolution the first autoimmune disease vitiligo evolved through the evolutionary process that is responsible  for all human autoimmune disorders,  in three  or four weekly blogs entitled part one, part two, part three, and four part. This evolutionary process is very complicated and detailed requiring me to explain and provide with exacting scientific evidence the monogenetic origins of the human race, how and why racial differentiation occurred as over extended periods of time the original Black African Negroid (please see Glogers’ Law) man ventured out of Africa into Asia and later Europe, etc, and through environmental adaptation, the result of different selective  pressure in other environments than Africa and resulting natural selection African Black Negroid man evolved into all of the different racial subgroups that comprise the human race or modern man (Diop, Finch, Rashadi, & Jurman).

This requires three to four successive weekly blogs to completely explain the entire process. I am attempting to demonstrate with overwhelming scientific evidence for my course presentation how  macro and micro evolutionary chances in the racial subgroups of man from an monogenetic perspective Black  African Negroid original  man  giving rise to Caucasian, Asiatic man, etc. This  through racial mixture and environmental adaptation the different types racial subgroups mixing over  and over again giving rise to all racial subgroups or people on the planet (Diop, Finch, Rashadi, & Jurman).  Additionally, when racial mixture occurs between the offspring of the different racial subgroups  for example, descents of Black African Negroids from extreme heat and humidity over the long evolutionary course  and descents of White man from an ice age background differences in their long term evolutionary courses, for example required immunological responses resulted in first Vitiligo and all other human autoimmune disorders.  This will be explained in exacting detail with clear and irrefutable scientific  evidence in three or four more additional consecutive  weekly extra credit blogs.

References:

A New Gene Linked to Vitiligo and Susceptibility to Autoimmune Disorders – Journal Watch                   Dermatology”. http://dermatology.jwatch.org/cgi/content/full/2007/330/1. Retrieved 2010-09-10.

Baker, R. (2002) Sperm Wars: The Science of Sperm. New York (NY). Basic Book Inc.

Diop, C.A., (2000) African cradle of humanity. Journal of African Civilizations, Nile Valley Civilizations. New Brunswick (NJ): Transaction Books. (Please see Diop’s Two Cradle Theory)

Diop, C. A. (1980) Civilizations or Barbarism. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill.

Finch, C. S. (MD).(2002) “Race and Evolution in Pre-History.” African Presence in Early Europe. Van Sertima Ed. New Brunswick, (NJ) & Oxford. Transaction Books, 2001, pp. 288-312. Dr. Finch MD documents a high level of the abnormal HGS Hemoglobin in the blood of isolated Mayan Tribes, in the Jungles of Mexico. The HGS abnormal hemoglobin is only present in the blood of African people and people of African descendant. Not surprisingly, later researchers Ann Gibbons and a group of other scientist including Stanford University’s’ Peter Underhill have located the African Y Chromosome in the genes of isolated Mexican jungle people. This collaborates, Dr Finch’s’ (see Finch, 17-37 & 288-312) HGS abnormal hemoglobin evidence in isolated jungle Mayan tribes, that establishes a pre-Columbian African presence in America, when combined with all the other evidence. (Please McRitchie, (1992), Modern and ancient Britons).

Finch, C. S. (2002) The evolution of the Caucasoid. African Presence In Early Europe, Journal of African Civilization. Van Sertima, Ivan Ed. New Brunswick, (NJ) Transaction Press. pp 17-37.

Hernan, M. A., Ascherio, A., & Alonso, A. (2008) Allergy, family history of autoimmune

diseases, and the risk of multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica (0001-6314)

Vol.117, Iss.1; p.15-20.

Hopkin, K. (1998) Are Autoimmune Diseases Colorblind? Scientific American Presents (1524-0223), p.47-47.

Jurmain, Robert, Essentials of Physical Anthropolgy 9^th ed, Belmont (CA) Wadsworth. 2009.

Kawai T & Akira S. (2006), Innate immune recognition of viral infection. Nature Immunology 7(2): 131–137.

McRitchie, D. (1992), Modern and ancient Britons. Baltimore, (MD) Black Classic Press Inc., (1887). David McRitchie of Edinburgh University (Scotland provides us additional collaborating evidence, stating Small Diminutive Blacks, Australoids and Asiatic Negroids were the first inhabitants of Europe and the British Isles in prehistoric times. The presence of Small Diminutive Blacks, Australoids and Asiatic Negroids in Europe and the British Isles as the First inhabitants, supports the central thesis that these early Blacks (Negroids) were the first modern humans who roamed over the entire world. In addition, their presence in Europe and the British Isles adds validity to our thesis (of course, supported by a myriad of other evidence) that the Small Diminutive Blacks, Australoids and Asiatic Negroids were the first modern humans. In addition, in “Modern and Ancient Britons”, McRitchie provides us evidence of the long and short-term racial admixture of Australoids (Small Diminutive Blacks and Asiatic Negroids) with current English settlers in prehistoric times. And when Great Britain began sending prisoners to Australia in the late 17th century, again racial admixture between Australoids descendants, the Australian Aborigine and English settlers of Australia occurred.  The resultant biological markers (DNA testing), because phenotypically no physical evidence of racial mixture is present unless fully understand, provides false evidence of genetic affinities (close genetic ties) between (Australoids)  charcoal Black Australian Aborigines and Caucasians, it is falsely claimed that (Australoids) Australian Aborigines are racially Caucasian.  However, this does not make charcoal Black Australoids (Australian Aborigines) Caucasians as scientists falsely claim, it indicates racial mixture between the two groups has occurred and at the level of the genes, clear biological makers are present when there is no phenotypical evidence of racial mixture. (Please see the racial sub grouping of man from African man and the discussion on this matter (Finch, pp. 17-37, 288-312.)

Rashidi, R. (2006). A Review and Update of the Gladwin Thesis. Journal of African Civilization. African Presence in Early America. New Brunswick (NJ), Transaction Books Inc.

Rau, L. M., & Walsh, S. J. (2000) Autoimmune Diseases: A Leading Cause of Death AmongYoung and Middle-Aged Women in the United States. American Journal of Public Health (0090-0036) Vol.90, Iss.9; p.1463-1466.

Rodgers, J.A. (1947)., Sex and Race: Negro-Caucasian Mixing in All Ages and All Lands . New York (NY). Published by the Author. Helga Rodgers.

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